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United Arab Emirates facts, information, pictures. LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENTTOPOGRAPHYCLIMATEFLORA AND FAUNAENVIRONMENTPOPULATIONMIGRATIONETHNIC GROUPSLANGUAGESRELIGIONSTRANSPORTATIONHISTORYGOVERNMENTPOLITICAL PARTIESLOCAL GOVERNMENTJUDICIAL SYSTEMARMED FORCESINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONECONOMYINCOMELABORAGRICULTUREANIMAL HUSBANDRYFISHINGFORESTRYMININGENERGY AND POWERINDUSTRYSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYDOMESTIC TRADEFOREIGN TRADEBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBANKING AND SECURITIESINSURANCEPUBLIC FINANCETAXATIONCUSTOMS AND DUTIESFOREIGN INVESTMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTHEALTHHOUSINGEDUCATIONLIBRARIES AND MUSEUMSMEDIAORGANIZATIONSTOURISM, TRAVEL, AND RECREATIONFAMOUS EMIRIANSDEPENDENCIESBIBLIOGRAPHYUnited Arab Emirates. Al- Imarat al- 'Arabiyah al- Muttahidah. CAPITAL: Abu Dhabi (Abu Zaby)FLAG: The flag consists of a red vertical stripe at the hoist and three equal horizontal stripes of green, white, and black. ANTHEM: The National Anthem is an instrumental piece without words. MONETARY UNIT: The United Arab Emirates dirham (ud), introduced as the currency in May 1. There are coins of 1, 5, 1. Muslim religious holidays include Lailat al- Miraj, 'Id al- Fitr, 'Id al- 'Adha', Hijra New Year, and Milad an- Nabi. TIME: 4 pm = noon GMT. Comprising a total area of approximately 8. United Arab Emirates (UAE), in the eastern Arabian Peninsula, consists of seven states: Abu Dhabi, or Abu Zaby; Dubai, or Dubayy); Sharjah; Ra's al- Khaimah, or Ra's al- Khaymah; Fujairah, or Al- Fujayrah; Umm al- Qaiwain, or Umm al- Qaywayn; and 'Ajman. Comparatively, the area occupied by United Arab Emirates is slightly smaller than the state of Maine. Extending 5. 44 km (3. United Arab Emirates is bordered on the n by the Persian (or Arabian) Gulf, on the e by Oman, on the s and w by Saudi Arabia, and on the nw by Qatar, with a total boundary length of 2,1. In the late 1. 97. Saudi Arabia and Qatar reportedly reached a boundary agreement according to which a narrow corridor of land was ceded by Abu Dhabi, thus allowing Saudi Arabia access to the Gulf near the Khawr Duwayhin and eradicating the former Qatar- UAE frontier. However, through 2. United Nations. The remainder of the boundary with Saudi Arabia is not yet fully demarcated. ![]() ![]() A 1. 99. 9 border treaty with Oman was reportedly signed and ratified in 2. The UAE's capital city, Abu Dhabi, is located on the Persian Gulf. The United Arab Emirates consists mainly of sandy desert. It is bounded on the west by an immense sebkha, or salt flat, extending southward for nearly 1. The eastern boundary runs northward over gravel plains and high dunes until it almost reaches the Hajar Mountains in the Ra's Musandam near Al 'Ayn. The flat coastal strip that makes up most of the United Arab Emirates has an extensive area of sebkha subject to flooding. Some sand spits and mud flats tend to enlarge, and others enclose lagoons. A sandy desert with limestone outcroppings lies behind the coastal plain in a triangle between the gravel plain and the mountains of the east and the sands of Saudi Arabia to the south. Far to the south, the oases of Al- Liwa' are aligned in an arc along the edge of dunes, which rise above 9. The main gravel plain extends inland and southward from the coast of Ra's al- Khaimah to Al 'Ayn and beyond. Behind Ra's al- Khaimah and separating Fujairah from the Persian Gulf is an area of mountains that rise over 9. Finally, alluvial flats on the Gulf of Oman fill the bays between rocky spurs. South of Khor Fakkan (Sharjah), a continuous, well- watered fertile littoral strip known as the Batinah Coast runs between the mountains and the sea and continues into Oman. There are, in addition, many islands, most of which are owned by Abu Dhabi. These include Das, the site of oil operations, and Abu Musa, exploited for oil and red oxide. The months between May and October are extremely hot, with shade temperatures of between 3. Winter temperatures can fall as low as 2. Normal annual rainfall is from 5–1. November and February. Apart from cultivated plants, there are two categories of plant life in the United Arab Emirates: the restricted salt- loving vegetation. Animal and reptile life is similar to that of Bahrain, with the addition of the fox, wolf, jackal, wildcat, and lynx. Hedgehogs have been seen. More than 2. 50 species of small birds have been seen in the United Arab Emirates, along with many of the larger birds—kites, buzzards, eagles, falcons, owls, and harriers. However, the number of breeding species in the country may be much less than 1. Sea birds include a variety of gulls, terns, ospreys, waders, and flamingos. Popular game birds include the houbara (ruffed bustard), as well as species of ducks and geese. The clearing of natural vegetation, livestock overgrazing on range- lands, and extensive deforestation (in ancient times) have led to desertification. Overpumping of groundwater has brought a rise in soil salinity levels, and effluents from the oil industry have contributed to air pollution. In 1. 99. 2, the United Arab Emirates ranked among 5. In 2. 00. 0, the total of carbon dioxide emissions was at 5. The nation has about 0. The nation's cities produce an average of 0. As of 2. 00. 1, the nation had two land areas protected by environmental legislation. The Al 'Ayn zoological gardens contain some 2. According to a 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), threatened species included 5 types of mammals, 1. Endangered species in the United Arab Emirates are the peregrine falcon, South Arabian leopard, hawksbill turtle, gray wolf, Arabian oryx, Arabian tahr, green sea turtle, and desert monitor. The population of United Arab Emirates in 2. United Nations (UN) at 4,6. In 2. 00. 5, approximately 1% of the population was over 6. There were 2. 14 males for every 1. According to the UN, the annual population rate of change for 2. Government development policies have resulted in large- scale immigration of foreign workers, contributing to the high growth rate; the government in 2. The projected population for the year 2. The population density was 5. The UN estimated that 7. The capital city, Abu Dhabi, had a population of 4. About 8. 0% of the UAE's population originates from outside its borders. In the early 1. 98. By 2. 00. 3, foreigners were 9. India, and 4. 00,0. The government aimed at nationalization of the workforce by prohibiting foreigners in some jobs, and by instituting a . This includes the small number of refugees. The net migration rate for 2. Only about 1. 9% of the population were native Emirati. South Asians accounted for 5. Arabs and Iranians made up 2. Other expatriates, including Westerners and East Asians, totaled 8%. Jordanians, Palestinians, Egyptians, Iraqis, and Bahrainis are employed throughout the bureaucracy, including the educational system. Arabic is the official and universal language. Hindi and Urdu are minority languages. English is widely used in business. Farsi is spoken in Dubai. Islam is the official religion of all seven emirates. As such, about 7. Muslims, primarily Sunnis with a Shia minority. In emirates that officially recognize and grant legal identity to non- Muslim groups, only a limited number of Christian groups are granted this recognition. While recognizing the difference between Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant Christianity, the authorities make no other legal distinction between Christian groups, particularly Protestants. About 9% of the population are Christians. Other faiths include Hindus, Buddhists, Parsis, Baha'is, and Sikhs. The constitution provides for freedom of religion within the scope of established customs. The government retains the right to enforce certain restrictions, such as a prohibition on proselytizing of non- Muslim faiths and limited rights of assembly. Many non- Muslims meet in private homes. With most of the population concentrated in coastal towns and the Al 'Ayn oasis, road links between these centers have been given priority. There is now a paved coastal road linking Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, 'Ajman, Umm al- Qaiwain, and R'as al- Khaimah. Roads linking the interior to the main towns have been constructed; of particular importance is the transpeninsular road from Fujairah through the Hajar Mountains. A six- lane, 2. 09- km (1. Abu Dhabi and Al- 'Ayn, and two bridges connect Abu Dhabi island with the mainland. Another highway links the UAE coastal network with the Trans- Arabian. Highway at As- Silah on the Qatar border. In 2. 00. 2, there were 4,8. Of registered vehicles in 2. There are no railways or waterways in the United Arab Emirates. The United Arab Emirates is well provided with port facilities. Dubai's Port Rashid, with its deep- water berths and warehouses, is one of the largest artificial harbors in the Middle East. Other ports are the Jabal 'Ali complex, also in Dubai, completed in 1. Abu Dhabi's Port Zayid; Sharjah's Port Khalid; and the deepwater port at Ra's al- Khaimah. Sharjah constructed a new port at Khor Fakkan in the early 1. Fujairah port became fully operational in 1. Jabal 'Ali in Dubai is the largest man- made port in the world. In 2. 00. 5, the merchant fleet consisted of 5. GRT or more, totaling 5. GRT. In 2. 00. 4, there were an estimated 3. As of 2. 00. 5, a total of 2. A new international airport in Abu Dhabi, on the mainland across from the island, opened in 1. The other international airports in the United Arab Emirates are in Dubai, Sharjah, and Ra's al- Khaimah. In July 1. 99. 1, a . The village operations can transfer cargo received at the port into air containers ready for airlift in three hours, and have the facilities to handle frozen and hazardous goods. In 2. 00. 3, about 1. Although the Trucial Coast has for centuries been situated on one of the main trade routes between Asia and Europe, very little is known about the early history of the states that now make up the United Arab Emirates.
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